Erythema, Skin

Erythema is a condition characterized by redness or rash on the skin, caused by the dilation of capillaries and increased blood flow. It can occur in response to a variety of factors, including:

1. **Infection**: Bacterial, viral, or fungal infections can cause erythema.
2. **Allergic Reactions**: Allergens, such as certain foods, medications, or insect bites, can trigger erythema.
3. **Irritants**: Exposure to irritants like chemicals or physical abrasion can lead to erythema.
4. **Inflammatory Conditions**: Conditions like eczema, psoriasis, or dermatitis can cause erythema.
5. **Heat or Sun Exposure**: Sunburn or exposure to high temperatures can result in erythema.

Erythema can vary in severity and appearance, from mild redness to more pronounced and widespread rashes. It is often a symptom of an underlying condition and may be accompanied by other symptoms like itching, swelling, or pain. Treatment depends on the underlying cause and may include medications, topical treatments, or lifestyle changes to avoid triggers.

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On Photosensitivity

swelling, blisters, and peeling, often triggered by sunlight or artificial light exposure. In drug-induced cases, reactions can lead to burning, itching, and hyperpigmentation(Kowalska et al., 2021). Autoimmune conditions like lupus erythematosus and dermatomyositis also exhibit photosensitivity, with symptoms ranging from cutaneous rashes to systemic manifestations(Maddukuri et al., 2020). The clinical presentation typically involves photodistributed rashes, particularly on sun-exposed areas, and can vary based on individual susceptibility and the presence of underlying conditions(Guan et al., 2022). Furthermore, immune-mediated photodermatoses, such as polymorphous light eruption, present with papules and plaques, often exacerbated in warmer months(Murphy, 2001). Understanding these symptoms is crucial for effective diagnosis and management of photosensitivity reactions.

Erythema, Skin

Making the Diagnosis and Management_Adult